Hi,
i have an 1986 Audi 200 with the engine MC1 (so still the older one, till 88 i think) - i have the same problem, but from today i got also on the check system the red triangle (without anything in it). for answering of your questions:
1) i use the 95 octane gasoline (premium in US?) - switching to higher octane gas doesnt fix the problem
2) the engine is still the same - i mean like same sounds etc
3) i figured out that it "turbocharges" till 1.2-1.3 bar, then it goes to the orange light and slows down ...
4) i can rev the car to approx 4000 with no problem ... or also just to 2500 - the point of it is "requested presure of the turbocharger cannot be delivered because X - going to safe mode till request is lower" - got it? sounds stupid he ?
take all my text with reserve pls

im from Czech Republic